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Alcohol and Other Drug Screening of Hospitalized Trauma Patients
Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series: 16

Appendix B -- Glossary of Medical Terms

analgesia:
(the state of) insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness.
analgesic:..
characterized by or producing analgesia; an agent for producing analgesia.
arteriosclerosis:..
a chronic disease characterized by abnormal thickening and hardening of the arterial walls with resulting loss of elasticity.
bradycardia:..
relatively slow heart action.
CBC:..
complete blood count.
cerebrovascular accident:..
an occurrence of sudden damage to the brain or to the brain and the blood vessels surrounding it.
chemical paralysis:..
complete or partial loss of function induced by chemical agents, usually involving power of motion or sensation in any part of the body.
cognition:..
cognitive mental processes. Conscious intellectual activity such as thinking, reasoning, remembering, imagining, or learning.
colon:..
the large intestine from the cecum to the rectum.
CT scans:..
computerized tomography. Radiography (x-ray) in which three-dimensional images are constructed by computer from cross-sectional images.
debridement:..
the surgical removal of damaged, dead, or contaminated tissue.
decubitus ulcer:..
an ulceration of tissue deprived of nutrition by prolonged pressure; a bedsore.
electrolyte:..
a substance that when dissolved in a suitable solvent, such as water, or when fused becomes an ionic conductor... Maintaining appropriate electrolyte balance is necessary for regulating certain vital bodily functions.
endotracheal intubation:..
placement of a tube into the trachea to keep it open so that air passes to and from the lungs.
hematest:..
a test that checks for small quantities of blood in the stool, the presence of which can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding.
hypertension:..
abnormally high arterial blood pressure.
hypotension:..
abnormally low arterial blood pressure.
gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT):..
a liver enzyme; an elevated level of GGT can indicate chronic alcohol use.
intracranial pressure monitoring:..
monitoring pressure within the skull; increased pressure can indicate a brain injury.
ischemic bowel:..
an insufficient blood supply to bowel tissue caused by obstruction or disruption of the inflow of blood (as in narrowing of arteries by spasm, disease, or injury).
mean corpuscular volume:..
the volume of the average red blood cell in a given blood sample; a larger than normal volume can be an indicator of chronic alcohol use.
myocardial infarction:..
damage to or death of heart tissue, usually as a result of the obstruction of local blood flow.
perforated septum:..
characterized by one or a series of perforations in a dividing wall or membrane, especially between bodily spaces or masses of soft tissue, such as the nasal septum, the bowel, and the eardrum.
peritoneal lavage:..
therapeutic washing of the smooth transparent membrane lining the abdominal cavity... This procedure can avoid the necessity of open abdominal surgery to detect internal bleeding following a traumatic injury.
physiatrist:..
a physician who specializes in physical medicine or physical therapy and rehabilitation.
right lower quadrant:..
the right side of the human body below the waist; one of the four segments into which the body can be divided.
tachycardia:..
rapid heartbeat, whether physiological (as after exercise) or pathological (resulting from disease).
trauma injury:..
tissue damage caused by external force or violence.
vascular headache:..
moderate to severe head pain resulting from constriction or dilatation of intracranial blood vessels.
vasoactive:..
affecting the blood vessels, especially in respect to the degree of their relaxation or contraction.
vital signs:..
signs of life; specifically, the pulse rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, and blood pressure.
 



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