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Improving Treatment for Drug-Exposed Infants
Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 5

Appendix F - Medical Glossary

Abruptio placentae
Premature detachment of the placenta from the wall of the uterus.
Alkalosis
Abnormally increased pH from respiratory or metabolic causes.
Antepartum
before childbirth.
Cardiac arrhythmias
Alterations of the heartbeat.
Cavitation
Formation of space in an organ or tissue.
Causation
Causal role.
Cerebral infarctions
Dead or diseased areas of the brain.
Chlamydia
A microorganism of the genus chlamydia.
Decreased habituation
Decreased responsiveness after a repeated exposure to a stimulus.
Echocardiography
Noninvasive diagnostic procedure for the heart involving high frequency sound waves.
Echoencephalographic
Use of ultrasound in measuring/examining the internal structures of the skull.
Encephalopathic syndrome
Condition of brain pathology.
Feeding intolerance
Inability to effectively suck, swallow or retain feedings.
Genitourinary tract
System of organs related to reproduction and the production and excretion of urine.
Hemorrhagic ischemic lesions
Caused by bleeding or reduced blood flow.
Hypermetabolic
Excessively increased metabolism.
Hyperpnea
Abnormally rapid or deep breathing.
Hyperpyrexia
Exceptionally high fever.
Hyperreflexia
Overactivity of physiological reflexes.
Hyperthyroid state
Overactive thyroid gland, causing a state of increased metabolism.
Hypertonia
Excessive tone or tension of a muscle.
Hypoxia
Too little oxygen reaching the body tissues.
Hypoxemia
Deficient oxygenation of the blood.
Intrapartum
During childbirth.
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Bleeding within a ventricle of the brain.
Ischemia
Localized tissue anemia or narrowing of arteries by spasm or disease.
Ischemic injury
Local injury caused by impaired blood flow.
Labile state
Frequently changing.
Meconium aspiration
Fetus breathing or sucking in a mass of meconium, which is usually discharged shortly after birth.
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Inflammation of large and small intestines.
Neurotoxicity
Toxicity to the nerves or nervous tissue.
Philtrum
The vertical groove on the median line of the upper lip.
Respiratory alkalosis
Alkalosis caused by excessive elimination of carbon dioxide due to a respiratory abnormality, such as hyperventilation.
Sepsis
A toxic condition resulting from spread of bacteria or their products from an infection.
Tachycardia
Relatively rapid heart action.
Tachypnea
Increased rate of respiration.
Thrombocytosis
Abnormal increase in the number of blood platelets.
Vascular
Affecting tube(s) that convey a body fluid, such as blood.
Vasoconstriction
Narrowing of blood vessels.
 



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